Particle-drag model wherein drag forces (per unit carrier-fluid velocity) are dynamically computed based on empirical expressions. More...

#include <SphereDragForce.H>

Inheritance diagram for SphereDragForce< CloudType >:

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Collaboration diagram for SphereDragForce< CloudType >:

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Public Member Functions
	TypeName ("sphereDrag")
	Runtime type information.
	SphereDragForce (CloudType &owner, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict)
	Construct from mesh.
	SphereDragForce (const SphereDragForce< CloudType > &df)
	Construct copy.
virtual autoPtr< ParticleForce< CloudType > >	clone () const
	Construct and return a clone.
void	operator= (const SphereDragForce< CloudType > &)=delete
	No copy assignment.
virtual	~SphereDragForce ()=default
	Destructor.
virtual forceSuSp	calcCoupled (const typename CloudType::parcelType &p, const typename CloudType::parcelType::trackingData &td, const scalar dt, const scalar mass, const scalar Re, const scalar muc) const
	Calculate the coupled force.
Public Member Functions inherited from ParticleForce< CloudType >
	TypeName ("particleForce")
	Runtime type information.
	declareRunTimeSelectionTable (autoPtr, ParticleForce, dictionary,(CloudType &owner, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict),(owner, mesh, dict))
	Declare runtime constructor selection table.
	ParticleForce (CloudType &owner, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict, const word &forceType, const bool readCoeffs)
	Construct from mesh.
	ParticleForce (const ParticleForce &pf)
	Construct copy.
virtual	~ParticleForce ()
	Destructor.
const CloudType &	owner () const noexcept
	Return const access to the cloud owner.
CloudType &	owner () noexcept
	Return reference to the cloud owner.
const fvMesh &	mesh () const noexcept
	Return the mesh database.
const dictionary &	coeffs () const noexcept
	Return the force coefficients dictionary.
virtual void	cacheFields (const bool store)
	Cache fields.
virtual forceSuSp	calcNonCoupled (const typename CloudType::parcelType &p, const typename CloudType::parcelType::trackingData &td, const scalar dt, const scalar mass, const scalar Re, const scalar muc) const
	Calculate the non-coupled force.
virtual scalar	massAdd (const typename CloudType::parcelType &p, const typename CloudType::parcelType::trackingData &td, const scalar mass) const
	Return the added mass.

Additional Inherited Members
Public Types inherited from ParticleForce< CloudType >
typedef VectorSpace< Vector< vector >, vector, 2 >	returnType
	Convenience typedef for return type.
Static Public Member Functions inherited from ParticleForce< CloudType >
static autoPtr< ParticleForce< CloudType > >	New (CloudType &owner, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict, const word &forceType)
	Selector.

Detailed Description

template<class CloudType>
class Foam::SphereDragForce< CloudType >

Particle-drag model wherein drag forces (per unit carrier-fluid velocity) are dynamically computed based on empirical expressions.

$\‍[ \mathrm{F}_\mathrm{D} = \frac{3}{4} \frac{\mu_c\,\mathrm{C}_\mathrm{D}\,\mathrm{Re}_p}{\rho_p \, d_p^2} \‍]$

with

$\‍[ \mathrm{C}_\mathrm{D} = \frac{24}{\mathrm{Re}_p} \left(1 + \frac{1}{6}\mathrm{Re}_p^{2/3} \right) \quad \mathrm{if} \quad \mathrm{Re}_p \leq 1000 \‍]$

$\‍[ \mathrm{C}_\mathrm{D} = 0.424 \quad \mathrm{if} \quad \mathrm{Re}_p > 1000 \‍]$

and

$\‍[ \mathrm{Re}_p = \frac{\rho_c \, | \mathbf{u}_\mathrm{rel} | \, d_p}{\mu_c} \‍]$

where

$\mathrm{F}_\mathrm{D}$	=	Drag force per carrier-fluid velocity [kg/s]
$\mathrm{C}_\mathrm{D}$	=	Particle drag coefficient
$\mathrm{Re}_p$	=	Particle Reynolds number
$\rho_p$	=	Particle mass density
$\mu_c$	=	Dynamic viscosity of carrier at the cell occupying particle
	=	Particle diameter
$\rho_c$	=	Density of carrier at the cell occupying particle
$\mathbf{u}_\mathrm{rel}$	=	Relative velocity between particle and carrier

Constraints:

Particles remain spherical throughout the force computation, hence no particle distortion.
Applicable to particles with a spatially homogeneous distribution.

References:

        Standard model:
            Putnam, A. (1961).
            Integratable form of droplet drag coefficient.
            ARS Journal, 31(10), 1467-1468.

        Expressions (tag:AOB), (Eq. 34-35):
            Amsden, A. A., O'Rourke, P. J., & Butler, T. D. (1989).
            KIVA-II: A computer program for chemically
            reactive flows with sprays (No. LA-11560-MS).
            Los Alamos National Lab.(LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States).
            DOI:10.2172/6228444

Usage

Minimal example by using constant/<CloudProperties>:

subModels
{
    particleForces
    {
        sphereDrag;
    }
}

where the entries mean:

Property	Description	Type	Reqd	Deflt
`type`	Type name: sphereDrag	word	yes	-

Note

$\mathrm{F}_\mathrm{D}$ is weighted with the particle mass/density at the stage of a function return, so that it can later be normalised with the effective mass, if necessary (e.g. when using virtual-mass forces).

Source files

Definition at line 173 of file SphereDragForce.H.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ SphereDragForce() [1/2]

template<class CloudType>

SphereDragForce	(	CloudType &	owner,
		const fvMesh &	mesh,
		const dictionary &	dict )

Construct from mesh.

Definition at line 42 of file SphereDragForce.C.

References dict, Foam::GlobalIOList< Tuple2< scalar, vector > >::typeName, ParticleForce< CloudType >::mesh(), ParticleForce< CloudType >::owner(), and ParticleForce< CloudType >::ParticleForce().

Referenced by clone(), operator=(), SphereDragForce(), and TypeName().

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◆ SphereDragForce() [2/2]

template<class CloudType>

SphereDragForce ( const SphereDragForce< CloudType > & df )

Construct copy.

Definition at line 54 of file SphereDragForce.C.

References ParticleForce< CloudType >::ParticleForce(), and SphereDragForce().

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◆ ~SphereDragForce()

template<class CloudType>

virtual ~SphereDragForce ( )

virtualdefault

Destructor.

References p, Foam::Re(), and td().

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Member Function Documentation

◆ TypeName()

template<class CloudType>

TypeName ( "sphereDrag" )

Runtime type information.

References dict, ParticleForce< CloudType >::mesh(), ParticleForce< CloudType >::owner(), and SphereDragForce().

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◆ clone()

template<class CloudType>

virtual autoPtr< ParticleForce< CloudType > > clone ( ) const

inlinevirtual

Construct and return a clone.

Reimplemented from ParticleForce< CloudType >.

Definition at line 213 of file SphereDragForce.H.

References SphereDragForce().

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◆ operator=()

template<class CloudType>

void operator= ( const SphereDragForce< CloudType > & )

delete

No copy assignment.

References SphereDragForce().

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◆ calcCoupled()

template<class CloudType>

Foam::forceSuSp calcCoupled	(	const typename CloudType::parcelType &	p,
		const typename CloudType::parcelType::trackingData &	td,
		const scalar	dt,
		const scalar	mass,
		const scalar	Re,
		const scalar	muc ) const

virtual

Calculate the coupled force.

Reimplemented from ParticleForce< CloudType >.

Definition at line 66 of file SphereDragForce.C.

References p, Foam::Re(), Foam::sqr(), td(), and Foam::Zero.

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The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:

src/lagrangian/intermediate/submodels/Kinematic/ParticleForces/Drag/SphereDrag/SphereDragForce.H
src/lagrangian/intermediate/submodels/Kinematic/ParticleForces/Drag/SphereDrag/SphereDragForce.C

Public Member Functions

Additional Inherited Members

Detailed Description

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ SphereDragForce() [1/2]

◆ SphereDragForce() [2/2]

◆ ~SphereDragForce()

Member Function Documentation

◆ TypeName()

◆ clone()

◆ operator=()

◆ calcCoupled()